元認知能力，英文叫做Metacognition。雖然之前就曾經在笑來老師的電子書上反覆地看到這個名詞，但是直到今天得到專欄上開始討論這個話題，加上最近對心理學還有腦神經科學的興趣越來越濃厚，我立刻上網查資料還有到圖書館借書來看。根據得到專欄上的解釋，所謂的英文解釋是“Metacognition:awareness and understanding of one&s own thought process”，而中文是「元認知能力：對自己的思考過程的認知與理解。」
A self-fulfilling prophecy is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true, by the very terms of the prophecy itself, due to positive feedback between belief and behavior. It is 20th-century sociologist Robert K. Merton who is credited with coining the expression “self-fulfilling prophecy” and formalizing its structure and consequences.
In other words, a positive or negative prophecy, strongly held belief, or delusion—declared as truth when it is actually false—may sufficiently influence people so that their reactions ultimately fulfill the once-false prophecy.
A self-defeating prophecy is the complementary opposite of a self-fulfilling prophecy: a prediction that prevents what it predicts from happening. This is also known as the “prophet’s dilemma”.
A self-defeating prophecy can be the result of rebellion to the prediction. If the audience of a prediction has an interest in seeing it falsified, and its fulfillment depends on their actions or inaction, their actions upon hearing it will make the prediction less plausible. If a prediction is made with this outcome specifically in mind, it is commonly referred to as reverse psychology or warning. Also, when working to make a premonition come true, one can inadvertently change the circumstances so much that the prophecy cannot come true.
在聽知呼live時，發現其他人都在討論說既然老師提倡隻字不差的閱讀，為何又推薦”How to read a book“這篇文章？畢竟這篇文章所提倡的就是”不要從頭到尾隻字不差的閱讀”。我個人認為所謂的學習就是在一個時間維度當中吸收正確的知識，並讓它為我們所用。而那篇文章中所提到的技巧可以大幅的提升短時間內我們對閱讀內容的理解，但是你用這種方式讀書，你多多少少還是會漏掉一些重要的內容，接著就會自以為的”腦補”書中的內容，而與作者傳遞的原意不同。 其實不管用什麼方法閱讀，最終還是要回到”精讀”，因為這才是真正有效的刻意練習。就像我認為不管你使用什麼練習法練習技能，最終取決於你熟不熟練的最終要素，還是你”刻意練習的總時數”。所以我們當然可以好好利用那篇文章的內容幫助我們學習，但既然是需要好好了解的內容，就更要一字一句的好好琢磨，不是嗎？
Marta Vieira da Silva，據說是世界上最好的女子足球員，有興趣了解她的表現的人可以稍微看一下這個影片。曾經有記者問她，你覺得要成為一個好的足球員最必要的條件是什麼？她只回答了兩個字“Metal Toughness”。當阿里的挑戰者想要從他手上奪下腰帶時，阿里用他的拳頭粉碎了對手的無知。不過即使強悍如阿里，也總有狀況不好的時候。
Testing is itself an extraordinary powerful, learning experience.If you compare how much you learn by spending one hour studying versus one hour taking a test on the same material, you will retain and learn far more as a result of the hour you spent talking a test.
而為了了解到底怎樣的code才是好code，我在google輸入了以下的句子”How good programmer code”，結果我在stack overflow上找到了這個網頁，其中票選回答票數最高的答案是
Good code is well-organized. Data and operations in classes fit together. There aren’t extraneous dependencies between classes. It does not look like “spaghetti.” （良好的結構）
Good code comments explain why things are done not what is done. The code itself explains what is done. The need for comments should be minimal..（最好用code來表達，而不是靠註解。）
Good code uses meaningful naming conventions for all but the most transient of objects. the name of something is informative about when and how to use the object.（好的命名規則）
Good code is well-tested. Tests serve as an executable specification of the code and examples of its use.（經過反覆測試的考驗）
Good code is not “clever”. It does things in straightforward, obvious ways.（好的code易於瞭解、表達明確，而不一定要看起來好棒棒）
Good code is developed in small, easy to read units of computation. These units are reused throughout the code.（unit可重複性高、易於使用、不要太肥大）
Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven’t found it yet, keep looking. Don’t settle. As with all matters of the heart, you’ll know when you find it.–by Steve Jobs
還記得那幾年蘋果聲勢迅速往上竄時，Steve Jobs儼然成為了各界的心靈導師，而2005年他在Stanford的一場演講，更是激勵了成千上萬的人，最著名的那句”If you haven’t found it yet, keep looking. Don’t settle.”，更是在過去不時在我的腦海中響起。
